Declaration of Peruvian Independence

Date: July 28, 1821 • Location: Madrid, Spain

This milestone marked the outbreak and beginning of this historic period, which spanned 1821–1824.

Peruvian War of Independence: Argentine general José de San Martín declared the independence of Peru from the Spanish Empire.

The Peruvian War of Independence was a series of military conflicts in Peru from 1809 to 1826. Part of the broader Spanish American wars of independence, it led to the dissolution of the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru and the emergence of Peru as an independent state on 28 July 1821. The Battle of Ayacucho in 1824 secured the independence of Peru and definitively ended Spanish rule in South America. However, Peru achieved full sovereignty only after the end of Simon Bolívar's influence and the Gran Colombian military occupation. His Federation of the Andes project was discarded and the last Gran Colombian garrison returned the Real Felipe Fortress to the Peruvians on 16 February 1827.