Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II

Date: November 4, 1780 • Location: Madrid, Spain

This milestone marked the outbreak and beginning of this historic period, which spanned 1780–1783.

Túpac Amaru II led a rebellion of Aymara, Quechua, and mestizo peasants in protest against the Bourbon Reforms in the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru.

Túpac Amaru II was an Indigenous cacique who led a large Andean rebellion against the Spanish in Peru as self-proclaimed Sapa Inca of the new Inca Empire. He was later elevated to a mythical status in the Peruvian struggle for independence and indigenous rights movement, as well as an inspiration to myriad causes in Spanish America and beyond.